Container head or end wall construction



2 Sheets-Shes?I l Dec. 26, 1933. A, QU|MBY ET AL CONTAINER'HEAD 0R` END WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 19, 1931 A. QUIMBY l-:r Al.

CONTAINER HEAD OR END WALL CONSTRUCTION Sheets-Sh Filed DSC.

Patented Dec. 26, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CONTAINER HEAD on END WALL CONSTRUCTION corporation of Maine Application December 1 9, 1931 Serial No. 582,010

12 Claims.

This invention relates to containers, more especially those employed for shipping purposes, and particularly containers of this kind made of plywood, which latter, as is well known, is made of a plurality of layers of wood veneer glued or cemented together to form in effect a solid thickness having some of the grain thereof extending at right angles to other portions of the grain, such as the Well known cylindrical barrels that are manufactured from material of this character.

Generally stated, the object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved form of siftproof head or end wall for containers of this kind, comprising, as one form or instance of the invention, an annular or disk-like sheet of material, preferably plywood, with a hoop or cleats, or other reinforcing material, secured around the annular edge thereof, into which reinforcing .ma-

terial staples or fastening devices are inserted through the side walls of the container, with packing or fibrous material interposed between the said reinforcing material and the side walls of the container, said packing or fibrous material extending a distance upon the surface of said sheet material, thus forming an annular flange by which the packing ring of brous material is secured to the preformed or fabricated head orend wall, prior to the incorporation of the latter in the structure of tl.e container, to form a sift-proof joint.

To the foregoing and other useful ends, the invention consists in the matters hereinafter set iorth and claimed, and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which,-

Fig. l is a vertical section of the lower portion of a cylindrical barrel having a preformed bottom head or end wall embodying the principles of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line 2--2 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective of the preformed bottom head or fabricated end-wall unit, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.

Fig. 4 is a detail or fragmentary perspective view of a portion of the rim or periphery of said preformed head or bottom unit.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, showing a different form of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a different form of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a perspective of the particular form of preformed head or bottom unit shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on line 8-8 in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

Fig. 9 is a detail or fragmentary perspective of a portion of the periphery of the preformed head or bottom unit shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, showing a different form of the invention.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, the invention comprises a cylindrical body or so-called drum 1 composed of a three-ply sheet of veneer rolled into cylindrical form and formed with a lap joint or seam 2 at one side thereof, extending longitudinally of the barrel. The grain of the wood of the inner and outer plies of the Wall 1 preferably extends longitudinally of the barrel, while the grain of the wood of the intermediate or middle ply preferably extends circumferentially of the barrel. In this way, the strength of the middle ply is exerted circumferentially of the barrel to prevent the inner and outer plies from cracking or splitting longitudinally of the barrel, and at the same time, the strength of the grain of the wood of the inner and outer plies is exerted to prevent the barrel from breaking in two, so to speak, between its heads or end Walls.

The barrel has outside hoops, one of which is the so-called bottom or outside end hoop 3, secured in place by a circumferential row of staples 4, as shown.

The preformed head or end-wall unit comprises a disk-like or annular sheet of plywood 5, of the same kind as the plywood side walls of the barrel, secured, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, by nails 6 -to an annular hoop 7, whereby the disk of plywood is provided with peripheral reinforcement of fibrous material, the hoop being preferably of wood. It will also be seen that an annular or ring-like packing 8 is interposed between the hoop 7 and the side walls of the barrel, and that this ring Of packing is provided with a horizon- V tal flange 9 that extends a distance upon the surface of the plywpod end or bottom wall 5 of the barrel, the nails 6 extending through this ange 9 and through the disk or end wall 5, and `into the hoop 'l previously mentioned. This packing ring can be of felt or other fibrous material, or of any soft material that may be compressed between the hoop and the side walls of the barrel, thereby to form a tight joint.

In Fig. 5, the construction of the preformed head or end-wall unit with a soft packing ring is substantially the same as previously described, but in this case staples 10 are employed to hold the packing ring and the disk 5 of plywood and the hoop '7 together, instead of the nails previously described.

The preformed head or end wall can be fastened in place in any suitable or desired manner, as by staples 11 inserted through the outer hoop 3 and the side walls of the barrel, and through the hoop 7, the points of these staples being clinched on the inner circumference of said hoop.

As shown in Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive, the construction is similar to that previously described, but in this case the disk 5 Iof plywood is fastened to cleats or blocks 12 by nails 13, as shown, forming a somewhat more solid preformed head or end-wall unit. The packing ring 8 is of similar shape and character, and is secured in place by the nails 6 previously described, whereby in this case there are two sets of nails in the preformed or fabricated head or end wall for the barrel.

In Fig. 10 of the drawings, the construction is substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 9, but in this case the staples 10 previously mentioned are employed, in place of the nails 6, and other staples 15 are employed to more solidly fasten the plywood disk 5 to the blocks or cleats 12 previously mentioned.

In each case, therefore, a preformed head or end-wall unit is manufactured with a packing ring secured to the periphery thereof, this ring having a flange extending a distance over the inner surface of the head or end wall, forming an attaching flange by which the ring is secured to the preformed or fabricated head or end wall. The said packing ring may have a lap joint at one side of the preformed head or end wall, if made from a straight strip of felt or other fibrous .or soft material.

One method of making a barrel of this kind consists in rolling up the sheet of plywood to form the said cylinder or body with its lap joint or seam at one side thereof, and fastening the lap joint or seam in place by staples or otherwise. This may be done on a stapling mrchine or in any suitable manner. Thereafter, the cylinder or drum thus formed is placed on a hooping and heading machine, whereby the hoops and the bottom head of the barrel are then stapled or secured in place.

In this way, the barrel or other container is provided with a tight and practically sift-proof joint between the head or heads thereof, and the side walls of the barrel, or between the end wall and the side walls of whatever form of container the packing ring forms a part. While no top head or wall is shown for the barrel, it will be understood that the same form of fabricated or preformed head or end wall may be employed at both ends of the barrel, if desired. In any event, and regardless of the form of the container or the particular form of the head or end wall, whether provided with a hoop or with cleats or blocks, a tight and sift-*proof joint will be provided in a simple and satisfactory andhighly effective form or manner.

Preferably, the parts are of such relative sizes that the body of the ring 8 will be more orless tightly compressed, and thereby reduced in thickness, between the container side walls and the periphery of the fabricated or preformed head or bottom wall. If the plywood cylinder is made first, then the preformed or fabricated head or end wall is then forced into the end of the cylinder, in any suitable or desired manner, and then fastened in place by the hooping and heading machine. Exterior hoops may be employed for the barrel, as shown and described, if desired.

The felt or brous material, or other soft material in ring form, as shown and described, is especially advantageous in connection with methods that result more or less in some unevenness of formation, whereby a perfectly hard endwall periphery would find difficulty in forming a perfectly true and tight joint, everywhere, with` the sides of the container. For example, in the manufacture of these plywood barrels or containers, the lap joint or seam in the cylinder, at one side of the barreLis liable to make diiculty in forming a tight joint at this point, between the barrel side-walls and the periphery of the preformed bottom or end-wall unit. However, as the felt or fibrous material, or other soft material, is adapted to be compressed, and is adapted to fill all voids or cracks or uneven places, it follows that a tight or sift-proof joint will be provided everywhere around the periphery of the bottom or end wall, regardless of any inexactness that might develop in the manufacture of containers of this kind. Any such inaccuracy is taken up by the action of the packing ring, and this all tends to insure greater satisfaction and success in the manufacture of plywood barrels orcontainers, for containers of this kind possess surprising strength and rigidity, and are capable of containing heavy loads and withstanding hard usage or rough handling. With the added feature of the sift-proof head or end wall, for either one or both ends of the barrel or other container, the field of use is considerably widened, inasmuch as powdered materials, which are not only very heavy, but which are also practically impalpable in character, can be shipped without danger of the container breaking and spilling, and without danger of loss by sifting or leakage. In fact, barrels or containers thus constructed are practically waterproof and air-tight.

Instead of nails or staples, the felt ring can be fastened by glue, waterproof or otherwise, to the periphery of the barrel head or end wall.

What is claimed as the invention is as follows: 1. A container having annular side walls and a substantially flat head or preformed end wall unit, said end wall having an annular periphery, a packing ring interposed between the inner surface of the side walls and the periphery of said head or end wall, said packing ring extending a distance over the inner surface of the head or end wall, forming a flange for attaching the ring to the head or end wall before the unit is incorporated in the container, and parallel fastening devices extending longitudinally of the container and inserted at intervals through said ange into the head or end wall, thereby fastening the parts of the head or end wall together for incorporation as a unit in the container.

2. A container structureV as specified in claim l, said side walls being annular, forming a round barrel, and said head or end wall comprising a disk of sheet material secured to reinforcing material around the periphery thereof, forming an enlarged periphery for said disk, secured thereto by said fastening devices, and other fastening devices inserted inwardly at intervals through the side walls and said ring into said reinforcing material, at points between said first-mentioned fastening devices, with the heads of these lastmentioned fastening devices exposed on the outer surface of the container.

3. A container structure as specified in claim 1, said side walls being annular, forming a round barrel, and said head or end wall comprising a disk or sheet material secured to reinforcing material around the periphery thereof, forming an enlarged periphery for said disk, secured thereto by said fastening devices, and other fastening devices inserted inwardly at intervals through the side walls and said ring into said reinforcing material, at points between said first-mentioned -fastening devices, said reinforcing material comprising an annular hoop to one edge of which said disk is secured by said first mentioned fastening devices, with the heads of these last-mentioned fastening devices exposed on the outer surface of the container. p

4. A container structure as specified in claim 1, said side walls being annular, forming a round barrel, and said head or end wall comprising a disk of sheet material secured to reinforcing material around the periphery thereof, forming an enlarged periphery for said disk, secured thereto by said fastening devices, and other fastening devices extending through the side walls and said ring into said reinforcing material, said reinforcing material comprising blocks in the form of cleats arranged end to end around the periphery of the disk, upon the outer surface of the disk, with said ring covering the joints between the ends of the cleats.

5. A container structure as specified in claim 1, said side walls being annular, forming a round barrel, and said head or end wall comprising a disk of sheet material secured to reinforcing material around the periphery thereof, forming an enlarged periphery for said disk', secured thereto by said fastening devices, and other fastening devices extending through the side walls and said ring into said reinforcing material, together with an outside hoop for the barrel, secured to the said walls and said reinforcing means.

6. A container structure as specified in claim 1, said side walls being of three-ply Veneer, with the grain of the wood of the inner and outer plies extending longitudinally of the barrel, and with the grain of the wood of the middle or-intermediate ply extending circumferentially of the barrel, and said head or end wall comprising a disk of three-ply veneer of the same character,

l with reinforcing means secured by said fastening, devices to the disk along the periphery or annular edge thereof, and other fastening means extending through the three-ply side walls and said ring into said reinforcing means.

'7. A container structure as specified in claim 1, said packing ring being made of felt or brous material, with the body portion of the ring tightly compressed between the container side walls and the annular periphery of the head or end wall, by the incorporation of said unit in the container.

8. A container structure as specified in claim l, said packing ring being of soft or yielding material, and the body portion of the ring being tightly compressed between the container side walls and the annular periphery of the head or 4end wall, by the incorporation of said unit in the container.

9. The method of putting together the parts specied in claim 1, comprising the complete fabrication of said head or end wall unit prior to its attachment to the annular side walls of the container, by securing sheet material to reinforcing material, thereby forming a thickened or enlarged periphery for the head or end wall, fastening 'the packing ring around the periphery of the head or end wall during the said fabrication thereof, forming a preformed head or end wall unit for incorporation thereafter in the container, thereafter incorporating the said preformed or fabricated head or end wall and its peripheral packing ring into the side walls of the container, and thereafter fastening the preformed head or end wall in place by fastening devices inserted through the side walls and packing ring into said peripheral reinforcing material.

10. The method of putting together the parts specified in claim 1, comprising the complete fabrication of said head or end wall unit prior to its attachment. to-the annular side walls of the container, by securing sheet material to reinforcing material, thereby forming a thickened or enlarged periphery forthe head or end wall, fastening the packing ring around the periphery of the head or end Wall during the said fabrication thereof, forming a preformed head or end wall unit for incorporation thereafter in the container, thereafter forcing the said preformed or fabricated head or end wall and its peripheral packinging ring into the side Walls of the container, and thereafter fastening the preformed head or end wall in place by said fastening devices inserted through the side walls and packing ring into said peripheral reinforcing material, said peripheral material comprising an annular hoop.

11. The method of putting together the parts specified in claim 1, comprising the complete fabrication of said head or end Wall unit prior to its attachment to the annular side walls of the container, by securing sheet material to reinforcing material, thereby forming a thickened or enlarged periphery for the head or end wall, fastening the packing ring around the periphery of the head or end wall during the said fabrication thereof, forming a preformed head ,or end wall unit for incorporation thereafter in the container, thereafter forcing the said preformed or fabricated head or end wall and its peripheral packing ring into the side Walls of the container, and thereafter fastening the preformed head or endwall in place by fastening devices inserted through the side walls and packing ring into said peripheral reinforcing material, said peripheral material comprising blocks in the form of cleats arranged end to end around the periphery of the preformed head or end wall, on the outer side thereof.

12. The method of putting together the parts specified in claim 1, comprising the complete fabrication of said head or end wall unit prior to its attachment to the annular side walls of the container, by securing sheet material to reinforcing material, thereby forming a thickened or enlarged periphery for the head or end wall, fastening the packing ring around the periphery of the head or end wall during the said fabrication thereof, forming a preformed head or end wall unit for incorporation thereafter in -the container, thereafter forcing the said preformed or fabricated head or end wall and its peripheral packing ring into the side walls of the container, and thereafter fastening the preformed head or end wall in place by fastening devices being of similar plywood, the plywood sides being formed from a single sheet of this material overlapped at one side of the barrel, thereby forming a lap joint or longitudinal seam at this side of the barrel, with said packing ring bearing against the inner side of said lap joint or seam.

ALLEN QUIMBY.

SAMUEL J. ANTWORTH. 

